Fumed silica is a high-purity, amorphous form of silicon dioxide (SiO₂) produced through flame hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride in a hydrogen-oxygen flame. This process yields extremely fine, chain-like particles with a high surface area and low bulk density, giving fumed silica its unique physical properties. It appears as a white, fluffy powder and is prized for its ability to control rheology, improve suspension stability, and enhance mechanical reinforcement in a wide range of formulations. Fumed silica is widely used in industries such as adhesives and sealants, paints and coatings, silicone rubber, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food processing. It functions as a thickening agent, anti-caking additive, and flow enhancer, and is available in both hydrophilic and hydrophobic grades depending on surface treatment. Its chemical inertness, thermal stability, and versatility make it an essential performance additive in demanding applications where precision and consistency are critical.