Demineralized water, also known as deionized water (DI water) or purified water, is water that has had most of its mineral ions removed, including calcium, magnesium, sodium, chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate. This purification is typically achieved through processes such as ion exchange, reverse osmosis, or distillation. The result is a highly purified water with very low electrical conductivity and minimal chemical reactivity, making it ideal for applications where mineral contamination must be avoided.